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Disease Profile

Malaria

Prevalence
Prevalence estimates on Rare Medical Network websites are calculated based on data available from numerous sources, including US and European government statistics, the NIH, Orphanet, and published epidemiologic studies. Rare disease population data is recognized to be highly variable, and based on a wide variety of source data and methodologies, so the prevalence data on this site should be assumed to be estimated and cannot be considered to be absolutely correct.

1-9 / 100 000

US Estimated

Europe Estimated

Age of onset

All ages

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ICD-10

B50.0 B50.8 B50.9 B51.0 B51.8 B51.9 B52.0 B52.8 B52.9 B53.0 B53.1 B53.8 B54

Inheritance

Autosomal dominant A pathogenic variant in only one gene copy in each cell is sufficient to cause an autosomal dominant disease.

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Autosomal recessive Pathogenic variants in both copies of each gene of the chromosome are needed to cause an autosomal recessive disease and observe the mutant phenotype.

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X-linked
dominant X-linked dominant inheritance, sometimes referred to as X-linked dominance, is a mode of genetic inheritance by which a dominant gene is carried on the X chromosome.

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X-linked
recessive Pathogenic variants in both copies of a gene on the X chromosome cause an X-linked recessive disorder.

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Mitochondrial or multigenic Mitochondrial genetic disorders can be caused by changes (mutations) in either the mitochondrial DNA or nuclear DNA that lead to dysfunction of the mitochondria and inadequate production of energy.

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Multigenic or multifactor Inheritance involving many factors, of which at least one is genetic but none is of overwhelming importance, as in the causation of a disease by multiple genetic and environmental factors.

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Not applicable

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Categories

Parasitic diseases

Summary

Malaria is a serious and sometimes fatal disease caused by a parasite that commonly infects a certain type of mosquito which feeds on humans. Infection with malaria parasites may result in a wide variety of symptoms, ranging from absent or very mild symptoms to severe disease and even death. People who get malaria are typically very sick with high fevers, shaking chills, and flu-like illness. In general, malaria is a curable disease if diagnosed and treated promptly and correctly. Treatment depends on many factors including disease severity, the species of malaria parasite causing the infection and the part of the world in which the infection was acquired.[1]

Treatment

FDA-Approved Treatments

The medication(s) listed below have been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as orphan products for treatment of this condition. Learn more orphan products.

  • Halofantrine(Brand name: Halfan™ ) Manufactured by GlaxoSmithKline
    FDA-approved indication: Treatment of adults who can tolerate oral medication and who have mild to moderate malaria caused by Plasmodium falciparum or Plasmodium vivax.
    National Library of Medicine Drug Information Portal
  • Tafenoquine(Brand name: Krintafel) Manufactured by GlaxoSmithKline
    FDA-approved indication: July 2018, tafenoquine (Krintafel) was approved for the radical cure (prevention of relapse) of Plasmodium vivax malaria in patients aged 16 years and older who are receiving appropriate antimalarial therapy for acute P. vivax infection.
  • Mefloquine HCl(Brand name: Lariam ) Manufactured by Hoffmann-La Roche, Inc.
    FDA-approved indication: Treatment of acute malaria due to Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax. Prophylaxis of Plasmodium falciparum malaria which is resistant to other available drugs.
    National Library of Medicine Drug Information Portal
  • Quinine sulfate(Brand name: Qualaquin) Manufactured by AR Holding Company, Inc.
    FDA-approved indication: Treatment of uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria.
    National Library of Medicine Drug Information Portal
    Medline Plus Health Information

Learn more

These resources provide more information about this condition or associated symptoms. The in-depth resources contain medical and scientific language that may be hard to understand. You may want to review these resources with a medical professional.

Where to Start

  • You can obtain information on this topic from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The CDC is recognized as the lead federal agency for developing and applying disease prevention and control, environmental health, and health promotion and education activities designed to improve the health of the people of the United States.
  • MedlinePlus was designed by the National Library of Medicine to help you research your health questions, and it provides more information about this topic.

In-Depth Information

  • Medscape Reference provides information on this topic. You may need to register to view the medical textbook, but registration is free.
  • MeSH® (Medical Subject Headings) is a terminology tool used by the National Library of Medicine. Click on the link to view information on this topic.
  • PubMed is a searchable database of medical literature and lists journal articles that discuss Malaria. Click on the link to view a sample search on this topic.

References

  1. Malaria. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. February 8, 2010; https://www.cdc.gov/malaria/about/index.html. Accessed 5/12/2011.