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Disease Profile
Lemierre syndrome
Prevalence estimates on Rare Medical Network websites are calculated based on data available from numerous sources, including US and European government statistics, the NIH, Orphanet, and published epidemiologic studies. Rare disease population data is recognized to be highly variable, and based on a wide variety of source data and methodologies, so the prevalence data on this site should be assumed to be estimated and cannot be considered to be absolutely correct.
Unknown
Age of onset
Adolescent
ICD-10
I80.8
Inheritance
Autosomal dominant A pathogenic variant in only one gene copy in each cell is sufficient to cause an autosomal dominant disease.
Autosomal recessive Pathogenic variants in both copies of each gene of the chromosome are needed to cause an autosomal recessive disease and observe the mutant phenotype.
X-linked
dominant X-linked dominant inheritance, sometimes referred to as X-linked dominance, is a mode of genetic inheritance by which a dominant gene is carried on the X chromosome.
dominant X-linked dominant inheritance, sometimes referred to as X-linked dominance, is a mode of genetic inheritance by which a dominant gene is carried on the X chromosome.
X-linked
recessive Pathogenic variants in both copies of a gene on the X chromosome cause an X-linked recessive disorder.
recessive Pathogenic variants in both copies of a gene on the X chromosome cause an X-linked recessive disorder.
Mitochondrial or multigenic Mitochondrial genetic disorders can be caused by changes (mutations) in either the mitochondrial DNA or nuclear DNA that lead to dysfunction of the mitochondria and inadequate production of energy.
Multigenic or multifactor Inheritance involving many factors, of which at least one is genetic but none is of overwhelming importance, as in the causation of a disease by multiple genetic and environmental factors.
Not applicable
Other names (AKA)
Lemierre’s syndrome; Oropharyngeal infection leading to secondary septic thrombophlebitis of the internal jugular vein; Necrobacillosis;
Categories
Bacterial infections
Summary
Lemierre
Lemierre syndrome may be diagnosed based on signs and symptoms, various blood tests, and
Cause
Diagnosis
Imaging studies may include a chest
Treatment
Surgical incision and drainage of any abscesses may be needed to control the infection.[1][7] Surgical removal of infected clots is generally reserved for cases in which antibiotic therapy and drainage are not effective.[7] Surgical treatment may also be needed for breathing problems due to pulmonary emboli; severe blood clotting elsewhere in the body (particularly the brain); mediastinitis; or to remove dead, damaged, or infected
The role of anticoagulation (the use of blood thinners) for blood clots in Lemierre syndrome is uncertain and has been controversial.[1][6][7][8][9] While anticoagulation may help prevent new clots from forming and complications associated with thrombosis, it may cause a high risk of bleeding complications and/or aid the spread of infected material.[8][9] Lemierre syndrome without evidence of extensive clotting typically resolves with appropriate antibiotic therapy and does not require anticoagulation.[1] However, it may be recommended in severe or progressive cases with persistent sepsis, extensive clotting, clotting that extends to the cerebral sinuses, and/or when a patient does not begin to improve within 72 hours of appropriate antibiotic or surgical treatment.[1][6][10]
Learn more
These resources provide more information about this condition or associated symptoms. The in-depth resources contain medical and scientific language that may be hard to understand. You may want to review these resources with a medical professional.
In-Depth Information
- The Monarch Initiative brings together data about this condition from humans and other species to help physicians and biomedical researchers. Monarch’s tools are designed to make it easier to compare the signs and symptoms (phenotypes) of different diseases and discover common features. This initiative is a collaboration between several academic institutions across the world and is funded by the National Institutes of Health. Visit the website to explore the biology of this condition.
- Orphanet is a European reference portal for information on rare diseases and orphan drugs. Access to this database is free of charge.
- PubMed is a searchable database of medical literature and lists journal articles that discuss Lemierre syndrome. Click on the link to view a sample search on this topic.
References
- Allen BW, Bentley TP. Lemierre Syndrome. StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; October 27, 2018; https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK499846/.
- Srivali N, Ungprasert P, Kittanamongkolchai W, Ammannagari N. Lemierre's syndrome: An often missed life-threatening infection. Indian J Crit Care Med. 2014 Mar; 18(3):170-2. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3963201/.
- Gupta N, Kralovic SM, McGraw D. Lemierre syndrome: not so forgotten!. Am J Crit Care. 2014 Mar; 23(2):176-9. https://ajcc.aacnjournals.org/content/23/2/176.long.
- Brook I. Fusobacterial head and neck infections in children. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. July, 2015; 79(7):953-958. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25980688.
- James A. Coultas, Neena Bodasing, Paul Horrocks, Anthony Cadwgan. Lemierre’s Syndrome: Recognising a Typical Presentation of a Rare Condition. Case Reports in Infectious Diseases. 2015; 2015:https://www.hindawi.com/journals/criid/2015/797415/.
- Osowicki J, Kapur S, Phuong LK, Dobson S. The long shadow of Lemierre's syndrome. J Infect. June, 2017; 74 Suppl 1:S47-S53. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28646962.
- Connors NJ. Septic Thrombophlebitis. Medscape Reference. December 7, 2018; https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/786526.
- Li RM, Kiemeney M. Infections of the Neck. Emerg Med Clin North Am. February, 2019; 37(1):95-107. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30454783.
- Sacco C, Zane F, Granziera S, et al. Lemierre Syndrome: Clinical Update and Protocol for a Systematic Review and Individual Patient Data Meta-analysis. Hamostaseologie. August 2, 2018; [Epub ahead of print]:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30071559.
- Mesrar H, Mesrar J, Maillier B, Kraoua S, Chapoutot L, Delclaux B. [Lemierre's syndrome: Diagnosis, exploration, treatment]. Rev Med Interne. May, 2018; 39(5):339-345. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29269194.
- Blessing K, Toepfner N, Kinzer S, et al. Lemierre syndrome associated with 12th cranial nerve palsy--a case report and review. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. September, 2013; 77(9):1585-1588. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23845534.
- Johannesen KM, Bodtger U. Lemierre's syndrome: current perspectives on diagnosis and management. Infect Drug Resist. September 14, 2016; 9:221-227. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5028102/.
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